Lymph Node Locations video

!-- google_ad_client = "ca-pub-1270710188139085"; /* فيديو فيديو */ google_ad_slot = "9645573455"; google_ad_width = 336; google_ad_height = 280; // --> A lymph node is a small ball or an oval-shaped organ of the immune system, distributed widely throughout the body including the armpit and stomach/gut and linked by lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes are garrisons of B, T, and other immune cells. Lymph nodes are found all through the body, and act as filters or traps for foreign particles. They are important in the proper functioning of the immune system. They are packed tightly with the white blood cells called lymphocytes and macrophages. Lymph...

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Renal function video

Renal function, in nephrology, is an indication of the state of the kidney and its role in renal physiology. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. Creatinine clearance rate (CCr or CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit time and is a useful measure for approximating the GFR. Creatinine clearance exceeds GFR due to creatinine secretion, which can be blocked by cimetidine. In alternative fashion, overestimation by older serum creatinine methods resulted in an underestimation of creatinine clearance, which provided a less biased estimate of GFR.[1]...

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Excretory system video

The excretory system is a passive biological system that removes excess, unnecessary or dangerous materialism and prevent damage to the body. It is responsible for the elimination of the waste products of metabolism as well as other liquid and gaseous wastes. As most healthy functioning organs produce metabolic and other wastes, the entire organism depends on the function of the system; however, only the organs specifically for the excretion process are considered a part of the excretory system. The excretory system gets rid of waste called urine Excretory functions Removes metabolic and liquid toxic wastes as well as excess water from...

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The nephron video

Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[1] In humans, a normal kidney contains 800,000 to 1.5 million nephrons. Function...

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Renal Physiology video

Renal analysis is the abstraction of the analysis of the kidney. This encompasses all functions of the kidney, including reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and added baby molecules; adjustment of sodium, potassium, and added electrolytes; adjustment of aqueous antithesis and claret pressure; aliment of acid-base balance; the assembly of assorted hormones including erythropoietin, and the activation of vitamin D  Much of renal analysis is advised at the akin of the nephron, the aboriginal anatomic assemblage of the kidney. Anniversary nephron begins with a filtration basic that filters claret entering the kidney. This...

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Otoscopic Signs of Acute Otitis Media

Acute otitis media: Inflammation of the middle ear in which there is fluid in the middle ear accompanied by signs or symptoms of ear infection: a bulging eardrum usually accompanied by pain; or a perforated eardrum, often with drainage of purulent material (pus). Acute otitis media is the most frequent diagnosis in sick children in the U.S., especially affecting infants and preschoolers. Almost all children have one or more bouts of otitis media before age 6. The eustachian tube is shorter in children than adults which allows easy entry of bacteria and viruses into the middle ear, resulting in acute otitis media. Bacteria such...

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Perforated Eardrum Video

Picture of the inner and outer structures of the ear The eardrum (tympanic membrane) is a thin, oval layer of tissue deep in the ear canal. It helps protect the delicate middle and inner ear from the outside. It is called an eardrum because it looks and acts like a drum. The eardrum receives vibrations from the outer ear and transmits them to the small hearing bones (ossicles), of the middle ear. Because it is so thin, the eardrum can be ruptured or punctured. The hole exposes the middle and inner ear to damage or infection. Perforated Eardrum Causes Infection of the middle ear is the most common cause of a ruptured eardrum....

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Code Blue..CPR

  code blue team Saving Lives at a Moment's Notice "Code Blue, ER. Code Blue, ER." When these words echo through Deaconess Hospital, a team of specialists drops everything and races to the Emergency Department – or wherever they are needed. Code Blue is announced when a patient is unresponsive, meaning he is not breathing or his heart has stopped beating. When this happens, no matter what time of day or what day of the week, our code blue team is ready. Meet Our Code Blue Team Our team consists of the following medical professionals: Emergency Department Physician - A board certified emergency physician oversees the code...

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ACLS Megacode Guildlines Treating Ventricular Fibrillation

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) begins as a quasiperiodic reentrant pattern of excitation in the ventricles with resulting poorly synchronized and inadequate myocardial contractions. The heart consequently immediately loses its ability to function as a pump. As the initial reentrant pattern of excitation breaks up into multiple smaller wavelets, the level of disorganization increases. Sudden loss of cardiac output with subsequent tissue hypoperfusion creates global tissue ischemia; brain and myocardium are most susceptible. VF is the primary cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Sudden cardiac death can be viewed as a continuum of electromechanical...

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Liver Cirrhosis

liver cirrhosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrosis, scar tissue and regenerative nodules (lumps that occur as a result of a process in which damaged tissue is regenerated), leading to loss of liver function. Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholism, hepatitis B and C, and fatty liver disease, but has many other possible causes. Some cases are idiopathic, i.e., of unknown cause. Ascites (fluid retention in the abdominal cavity) is the most common complication of cirrhosis, and is associated with a poor quality of life, increased risk of infection, and a poor long-term...

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Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of new blindness in persons aged 25-74 years in the United States. Approximately 700,000 persons in the United States have proliferative diabetic retinopathy, with an annual incidence of 65,000. A recent estimate of the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the United States showed a high prevalence of 28.5% among those with diabetes aged 40 years and older Patients with diabetes often develop ophthalmic complications, such as corneal abnormalities, glaucoma, iris neovascularization, cataracts, and neuropathies. The most common and potentially most blinding of these complications,...

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Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is a clinical syndrome characterized by the following: Try Audible and Get Two Free Audiobooks Persistent albuminuria (>300 mg/d or >200 μg/min) that is confirmed on at least 2 occasions 3-6 months apart Progressive decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Elevated arterial blood pressure Eat to Live: The Amazing Nutrient-Rich Program for Fast and Sustained Weight Loss Currently, diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease in the United States and other Western societies. It is also one of the most significant long-term complications in terms of morbidity and...

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Acute Renal Faliure (Kidney Failure)

Acute renal failure (ARF), or acute kidney injury (AKI), as it is now referred to in the literature, is defined as an abrupt or rapid decline in renal filtration function. This condition is usually marked by a rise in serum creatinine concentration or by azotemia (a rise in blood urea nitrogen [BUN] concentration) !-- google_ad_client = "ca-pub-1270710188139085"; /* اعلى الموضوع نص */ google_ad_slot = "3482462999"; google_ad_width = 336; google_ad_height = 280; // --> However, immediately after a kidney injury, BUN or creatinine levels may be normal, and the only sign of a kidney injury may be decreased urine production A rise...

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Status Epilepticus: Causes and Management

Status epilepticus (SE) is a common, life-threatening neurologic disorder. It is essentially an acute, prolonged epileptic crisis causes: Stroke (remote or acute) Hypoxic injury Tumor Subarachnoid hemorrhage Head trauma Drugs (eg, cocaine, theophylline); isoniazid (INH) may cause seizures and is unique in having a specific antidote, pyridoxine (vitamin B-6) Alcohol withdrawal Electrolyte abnormalities (eg, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypercalcemia, hepatic encephalopathy) Neoplasms CNS infections (eg, meningitis, brain abscess, encephalitis) Toxins, notably sympathomimetics Antiepileptic Drug: Benzodiazepines are the preferred first-line...

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