Friday, September 30, 2011

Renal faliure or Kidney Failure

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Renal failure or kidney failure (formerly called renal insufficiency) describes a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to adequately filter toxins and waste products from the blood. The two forms are acute (acute kidney injury) and chronic (chronic kidney disease); a number of other diseases or health problems may cause either form of renal failure to occur.
Peritoneal Dialysis in Renal faluire:
 

Hemodialysis Animation:  

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Renal failure is described as a decrease in glomerular filtration rate. Biochemically, renal failure is typically detected by an elevated serum creatinine level. Problems frequently encountered in kidney malfunction include abnormal fluid levels in the body, deranged acid levels, abnormal levels of potassium, calcium, phosphate, and (in the longer term) anemia as well as delayed healing in broken bones. Depending on the cause, hematuria (blood loss in the urine) and proteinuria (protein loss in the urine) may occur. Long-term kidney problems have significant repercussions on other diseases, such as cardiovascular disease
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Cancer explaination and growth and development video 3D


Cancer medically called a malignant neoplasm, is a term for a large group of different diseases. Cancers create malignant tumors, cells that divide and grow uncontrollably and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread to more distant parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. Not all tumors are cancerous. Benign tumors do not grow uncontrollably, do not invade neighbouring tissues, and do not spread through the body.


Healthy cells control their own growth and will destroy themselves if they become unhealthy. Cell division is a complex process that is normally tightly regulated. Cancer happens when problems in the genes in a cell prevent these controls from working. These problems with genes may be from damage to the gene or may be inherited. Damage to genes can come from many sources inside or outside of the cell. Two types of inherited genes are especially important: oncogenes that increase the risk of cancer and tumor suppressor genes that prevent cancer but can be damaged.

3D Medical Animation - What is Cancer?


How cancer develops

Cancer Growth Animation 

 

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Heart Attack , IHD and Myocarial infarction 3D Video





http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/images/heart_coronary_artery.gif
A heart attack occurs if the flow of oxygen-rich blood to a section of heart muscle suddenly becomes blocked. If blood flow isn't restored quickly, the section of heart muscle begins to die.


Heart attacks most often occur as a result of coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease. CHD is a condition in which a waxy substance called plaque (plak) builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart.
When plaque builds up in the arteries, the condition is called atherosclerosis (ath-er-o-skler-O-sis). The buildup of plaque occurs over many years.
Eventually, an area of plaque can rupture (break open) inside of an artery. This causes a blood clot to form on the plaque's surface. If the clot becomes large enough, it can mostly or completely block blood flow through a coronary artery.


If the blockage isn't treated quickly, the portion of heart muscle fed by the artery begins to die. Healthy heart tissue is replaced with scar tissue. This heart damage may not be obvious, or it may cause severe or long-lasting problems.
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ACLS Guidelines updated

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The American Heart Association has updated the ACLS guidelines over the past few years. Here is a quick summary the new changes in th 2011 guidelines:


Circulation
No more mouth to mouth CPR . This was changed in 2008, but it is being re-emphasized. If you see someone down in the parking lot, ask them if they are ok, if they don't respond, just start chest compressions. NO mouth to mouth. No more "look, listen, and feel" for breathing. Just start compressions. This doesn't apply to hospitalized patients or ER patients. In the hospital, you can have someone bag them right away and intubate them. You don't have to ignore airway. Now it's CAB, instead of ABC. (Chest compressions, airway, breathing). If they aren't getting compressions, they aren't circulating blood, and their brain is dying quickly. Rate should be 100/minute. Good, deep, hard compressions. Minimize interuptions in chest compressions as much as possible. Don't delay shock.
 
De-emphasize Drugs, Devices, and other Distracters
Advanced airways, central lines, and drug delivery should not interupt chest compressions. The new guidelines focus on things that improve survival....  ie chest compressions.
Atropine is gone.
Atropine is no longer part of ACLS protocols at all. If they are slow or bradycardic, epinephrine will work just fine. Use an epinephrine drip or dopamine drip if needed.
Bicarbonate is out.
Bicarbonate is no longer part of ACLS protocol (Removed in 2005). Sure, if you think someone has overdosed on a TCA, then fine, but that isn't a code siutation.
Procainamide is first for STABLE VTach.
Stable means they have a pulse and are talking to you. If they are unstable, you are back to chest compressions, amiodarone 300mg IV push, and defibrillation.
Amiodarone is FIRST for UNSTABLE VTach.
This is still the number one drug for a patient that loses consciousness and begins to crash with VTach. 300mg IV push.
Lidocaine is out.
Lidocaine for unstable VTach has been removed.
Post Arrest Care
New section has been added on post arrest care, including infusion of 2 Liters of cold (0F/32C degree) normal saline.


No tPA for HTN Emergency.
If a patient presents with confusion and an elevated BP (>200/110), get the BP down. HTN encephalopathy can be confused with TIA/CVA. Don't give tPA until you know what the patient really has. Confusion is not a stroke in progress.
More information:
http://www.heart.org/
Full Guidelines:
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/vol122/18_suppl_3/
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Monday, September 26, 2011

Mastoidectomy Video

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A mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure that removes an infected portion of the mastoid bone when medical treatment is not effective


According to the American Society for Microbiology, middle ear infections increased in the United States from approximately three million cases in 1975 to over nine million in 1997. Middle ear infections are now the second leading cause of office visits to physicians, and this diagnosis accounts for over 40% of all outpatient antibiotic use. Ear infections are also very common in children between the ages of six months and two years. Most children have at least one ear infection before their eighth birthday.
Mastoidectomy part -1 video

Mastoidectomy part -1 video


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Cervical Spondylosis Chinese Medicine Massage and surgery video

http://drop.ndtv.com/albums/HEALTH/cervical/cervical1.jpg
Cervical spondylosis is a general term for age-related wear and tear affecting the disks in your neck. These changes later contribute to the development of cervical osteoarthritis in the joints that link your neck bones (facet joints).

Cervical spondylosis and osteoarthritis are most common in people older than age 55, and both conditions progress with age.

Many people with signs of cervical spondylosis and osteoarthritis on X-rays manage to escape associated symptoms, which include pain, stiffness and muscle spasms. When symptoms do occur, nonsurgical treatments often are effective.



Cervical Spondylosis, Chinese Medicine Massage Cures Diseases



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DISC PROLAPSE OPERATIONS video

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A prolapsed disc often causes severe lower back pain. The disc often presses on a nerve root which also causes pain and other symptoms in a leg. In most cases, the symptoms ease off gradually over several weeks. The usual advice is to do normal activities as much as possible. Painkillers may help. Physical treatments such as spinal manipulation may also help. Surgery may be an option if the symptoms persist.


When you have a prolapsed disc (commonly called a 'slipped disc'), a disc does not actually 'slip'. What happens is that part of the inner softer part of the disc (the nucleus pulposus) bulges out (herniates) through a weakness in the outer part of the disc. A prolapsed disc is sometimes called a herniated disc. The bulging disc may press on nearby structures such as a nerve coming from the spinal cord. Some inflammation also develops around the prolapsed part of the disc.
Any disc in the spine can prolapse. However, most prolapsed discs occur in the lumbar part of the spine (lower back). The size of the prolapse can vary. As a rule, the larger the prolapse, the more severe the symptoms are likely to be.
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Lumber Discectomy



http://www.yoursurgery.com/procedures/lumbar/images/figure4.jpg
Lumbar disk surgery for a ruptured or herniated disk is the most commonly performed surgical procedure for low back pain with pain radiating into a leg. A satisfactory result from lumbar disk surgery is as much dependent on proper patient selection as the actual performance of the surgery. A patient whose symptoms, examination and tests do not point to a specific ruptured disk may not improve with surgery.
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Saturday, September 24, 2011

Laparoscopic Pyelolithotomy (Kidney Stone Removal)



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A kidney stone, also known as a renal calculus, is a solid concretion or crystal aggregation formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine. Urinary stones are typically classified by their location in the kidney (nephrolithiasis), ureter (ureterolithiasis), or bladder (cystolithiasis), or by their chemical composition (calcium-containing, struvite, uric acid, or other compounds). Kidney stones are a significant source of morbidity. 80% of those with kidney stones are men. Men most commonly experience their first episode between age 30–40 years, while for women the age at first presentation is somewhat later.
Watch  Laparoscopic Pyelolithotomy video now


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Endoscopic adenoidectomy video



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray994-adenoid.png/230px-Gray994-adenoid.png
Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoids. They may be removed for several reasons, including impaired breathing through the nose and chronic infections or earaches. The surgery is more common for children. It is most often done on an outpatient basis under general anesthesia. Post-operative pain is generally minimal and prevented with an abundance of icy or cold foods. Spicy foods, such as jalapeños or curries, should be avoided. The procedure can sometimes be combined with a tonsillectomy if needed. Recovery time can range from several hours to two or three days (though as age increases so does recovery time).
Adenoidectomy is not often performed on children aged 1–6, as adenoids help the body's immune system. Adenoids become vestigial organs in adults.
Watch  Endoscopic adenoidectomy video

Another Endoscopic adenoidectomy video





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Perforated Tympanic Membrane



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ear-anatomy-text-small-en.svg/230px-Ear-anatomy-text-small-en.svg.png
A perforated eardrum or punctured eardrum is a rupture or perforation (hole) of the eardrum which can occur as a result of otitis media infection, trauma (e.g. by trying to clean the ear with sharp instruments), explosion, loud noise or surgery (accidental creation of a rupture). Flying with a severe cold can also cause perforation due to changes in air pressure and blocked eustachian tubes resulting from the cold. This is especially true on landing.
Perforation of the eardrum leads to conductive hearing loss, which is usually temporary. Other symptoms may include tinnitus, earache or a discharge of mucus.
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Another video




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Mastectomy, Lumpectomy In Breast Cancer video



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In medicine, mastectomy is the medical appellation for the surgical abatement of one or both breasts, partially or completely. Mastectomy is usually done to amusement breast cancer; in some cases, women and some men believed to be at aerial accident of breast blight acquire the operation prophylactically, that is, to anticipate blight rather than amusement it. It is additionally the medical action agitated out to abolish breast blight tissue in males. Alternatively, assertive patients can acquire to acquire a advanced bounded excision, additionally accepted as a lumpectomy, an operation in which a baby aggregate of breast tissue absolute the bump and some surrounding advantageous tissue is removed to conserve the breast. Both mastectomy and lumpectomy are what are referred to as "local therapies" for breast cancer, targeting the breadth of the tumor, as against to systemic therapies such as chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or immunotherapy.


Traditionally, in the case of breast cancer, the accomplished breast was removed. Currently the accommodation to do the mastectomy is based on assorted factors including breast size, cardinal of lesions, biologic aggressiveness of a breast cancer, the availability of accessory radiation, and the alertness of the accommodating to acquire college ante of bump recurrences afterwards lumpectomy and radiation. Outcome studies comparing mastectomy to lumpectomy with radiation acquire appropriate that accepted abolitionist mastectomy surgeries will not consistently anticipate after abroad accessory tumors arising from micro-metastases above-mentioned to discovery, diagnosis, and operation.
Now is the time to watch samle movie


 This is true video about mastectomy



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Breast Cancer Progression and Staging



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Breast_cancer.jpg/220px-Breast_cancer.jpg
Breast cancert (malignant breast neoplasm) is cancer orginate from breast tissue, best frequently from the close lining of milk ducts or the lobules that accumulation the ducts with milk.
Cancers basic from ducts are accepted as ductal carcinomas; those basic from lobules are accepted as lobular carcinomas. Breast blight is a ache of bodies and added mammals; while the cutting majority of cases in bodies are women, men can additionally advance breast cancer.
The size, stage, amount of growth, and added characteristics of the bump actuate the kinds of treatment. Analysis may accommodate surgery, drugs (hormonal analysis and chemotherapy), radiation and/or immunotherapy. Surgical abatement of the bump provides the distinct better benefit, with anaplasty abandoned actuality able of bearing a cure in abounding cases. To somewhat access the likelihood of abiding advantageous survival, several chemotherapy regimens are frequently accustomed in accession to surgery. Best forms of chemotherapy annihilate beef that are adding rapidly anywhere in the body, and as a aftereffect account acting beard accident and digestive disturbances. Radiation may be added to annihilate any blight beef in the breast that were absent by the surgery, which usually extends adaptation somewhat, although radiation acknowledgment to the affection may account affection abortion in the future. Some breast cancers are acute to hormones such as estrogen and/or progesterone, which makes it accessible to amusement them by blocking the furnishings of these hormones
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Breast Self Examination video



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Breast_self_exam_1.jpg

Warning signs of breast cancer

If you notice any of the warning signs of breast cancer listed below, see your health care provider.

  • Lump, hard knot or thickening inside the breast or underarm area
  • Swelling, warmth, redness or darkening of the breast
  • Change in the size or shape of the breast
  • Dimpling or puckering of the skin
  • Itchy, scaly sore or rash on the nipple
  • Pulling in of your nipple or other parts of the breast
  • Nipple discharge that starts suddenly
  • New pain in one spot that doesn’t go away 
Watch this video animation about how we can examine our breast easily



Anather video help us how we can make breast examination




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Local Epidural Anaesthesia via the Hiatus Sacralis



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Infiltrations and injections in orthopaedic and sports medicine ; local epidural anaesthesia via the hiatus sacralis
Watch this video now
Watch this video also (epidural and spinal aneathesia) animation 3D Video




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Epidural and Spinal Anesthesia



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Spinal anaesthesia also called spinal analgesia or sub-arachnoid block (SAB), is a form of regional anaesthesia involving injection of a local anaesthetic into the subarachnoid space, generally through a fine needle, usually 9 cm long (3.5 inches)

Epidural anaesthesia is a technique whereby a local anaesthetic drug is injected through a catheter placed into the epidural space. This technique has some similarity to spinal anaesthesia

 

3D Animation of performing epidural anesthesia


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General Anaethesia animation video 3D



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General anesthesia is used to block pain, put the body to sleep, and regulate bodily functions during surgery. This 3D medial animation demonstrates the different ways general anesthesia can be administered prior to a surgical operation
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Clinical picture of Chicken pox



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Chicken pox is a highly contagious illness caused by primary infection with varicella zoster virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease spread easily through coughing or sneezing of ill individuals or through direct contact with secretions from the rash. A person with chickenpox is infectious one to two days before the rash appears.[2] The contagious period continues for 4 to 5 days after the appearance of the rash, or until all lesions have crusted over
See this film

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Measles rash,symptomes and complication video



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Morbillivirus_measles_infection.jpg/220px-Morbillivirus_measles_infection.jpg
Measles,rubeola or morbilli, is an infection of the respiratory system caused by a virus, specifically a paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus
Signs and symptoms
include four-day fevers and the three Cs—cough, coryza (runny nose) and conjunctivitis (red eyes). The fever may reach up to 40 °C. Koplik's spots seen inside the mouth are pathognomonic (diagnostic) for measles, but are not often seen


Complications
Complications with measles are relatively common, ranging from relatively mild and less serious diarrhea, to pneumonia, Otitis media and acute encephalitis (and rarely subacute sclerosing panencephalitis); corneal ulceration leading to corneal scarring. Complications are usually more severe in adults who catch the virus
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Introduction about mesothelioma(end stage asbestosis cancer) video

http://www.mesotheliomacg.com/image/human-respiratory-system.jpg


Mesothelioma is the end stage asbestosis cancer and alsao Mesothelioma is an incurable asbestos cancer. this video about meeting with people suffering from methothelioma disease
and this video increase the awareness about this disease
Now let us to watch the mesothelioma video




causes of mesotheloma video




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Friday, September 23, 2011

Causes of Mesothelioma Video



http://www.mesotheliomaasbestoscancer.com/Pictures/mesothelioma.jpg
The causes of mesothelioma accept been beneath abstraction for several decades. Added accessible but as yet ambiguous causes of mesothelioma blight are discussed below.
Genetic Alteration of Cells
According to the Mayo Clinic, the causes of mesothelioma can be traced to the abiogenetic alteration that turns advantageous beef into blight cells. These aberrant beef accumulate about and don't die as accustomed beef do. The accession of blight beef forms a tumor, which can access added anatomy tissues and advance added through the body.
• Inherited conditions
• A accustomed individual's environment
• Overall health
• Lifestyle choices such as smoking

Asbestos Exposure Initiates Mutation
This abiogenetic alteration can allegedly be accomplished back asbestos fibers abode in the lungs or added centralized organs. Some 2,000 to 3,000 bodies are diagnosed with mesothelioma blight anniversary year in the United States alone. A Nationwide Abstraction of the Causes of Mesothelioma
This "National Abstraction of Occupation and Lung Diseases" is advised to added carefully analyze causes of mesothelioma amid the bags of victims in the UK, and the after-effects will afford ablaze on causes of mesothelioma in individuals all over the world.
Other Causes of Mesothelioma Cancer
In studies application animals, the Simian virus (SV40) was begin to account mesothelioma.
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Treatment of Mesothelioma video



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According to the American cancer Society (ACS), several mesothelioma drugs accept been acclimated as chemotherapy treatments for this blazon of mesothelioma cancer. The ACS says that these drugs are generally accustomed in combinations, but may be accustomed alone to patients who cannot abide demography added than one drug


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Ear anatomy Video




http://images.medicinenet.com/images/SlideShow/ear_infection_s3_diagram_eardrum.jpg

Anatomy of the ear in next video



you can also see this grafic by press on this link

Anatomy grafic of the EAR

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Anatomy of the Arm and Forearm




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The forearm is the structure and distal region of the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist. The term forearm is used in anatomy to distinguish it from the arm, a word which is most often used to describe the entire appendage of the upper limb but in anatomy, technically means only the region of the upper arm whereas the lower "arm" is called the forearm.


Forearm ,flexor aspect- part 1   on models

Forearm ,flexor aspect- part 2   on models





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Anatomy of the eye video




http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Geraet_beim_Optiker.jpg/250px-Geraet_beim_Optiker.jpg

We must know the anatomy of the eye better,to understand the eye diseases we must 
know the anatomy of the eye.
Anatomy of the eye and orbit in the next video


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Anatomy of parotid gland



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg/250px-Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg
The paired parotid glands are the largest of the salivary glands. They are found wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and secrete saliva through ducts into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing and to begin the digestion of starches.

Location
The parotid glands are found overlying the mandibular ramus and anterior and inferior to the external ear. Each gland extends irregularly from the zygomatic arch to the angle of the mandible. Above the parotid gland lies the external auditory meatus and temporomandibular joint. Below, the parotid overlaps the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. The parotid gland resembles a three sided pyramid. the gland has four surfaces: (1) superior (2) superficial (3) anteromedial & (4) posteromedial.
The surfaces are separated by three borders: (1) anterior (2) posterior & (3) medial
The external carotid artery, which gives off its two terminal branches, the maxillary artery and the superficial temporal artery, inside the gland
The retromandibular vein




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